Testing methods
There are currently two types of tests that are credited methods for measuring a person's psychopathy. The first is PCL-r Psychopathy Checklist. This is a psychological assessment to test psychopathy in individuals, created by Robert D. Hare. The second, Psychopathic Personality Inventory, but this is much less commonly used and not as successful as the PCL-r. Otto Kernberg suggest that Psychopathy was on a narcissism scale, being the worst.
TRIARCH Model
This model was created by Christopher J. Patrick. He came to the conclusion that every psychopath displays three overarching personalities: Boldness, Disinhibition, and Meanness.
"Boldness:
Disinhibition:
Meanness
"Boldness:
- Low fear
- High Stress Tolerance
- Toleration of unfamiliarity and danger
- High self-confidence
- High social assertiveness
- "May correspond to differences in the amygdala and other neurological symptoms associated with fear."
Disinhibition:
- Poor impulse control
- Problems with planning and foresight
- Lacking affect and urge control
- Demand for immediate gratification
- Poor behavioral restraints
- "May correspond to impairments in frontal lobe systems that are involved in such control."
Meanness
- Lacking empathy
- Lacking close attachments with others
- Disdain of close attachments
- Use of cruelty to gain empowerment
- Exploitative tendencies
- Defiance of authority
- Destructive excitement seeking
- "Meanness may possibly be cause by either high boldness or high disinhibition combined with an adverse environment."'